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The Crucifixion of St. Peter (Michelangelo)
''The Crucifixion of St. Peter'' is a fresco painting by the Italian Renaissance master Michelangelo Buonarroti (c. 1546–1550). It is housed in the Cappella Paolina, Vatican Palace, in the Vatican City, Rome. It is the last fresco executed by Michelangelo.
The artist portrayed St. Peter in the moment in which he was raised by the Roman soldiers to the cross. Michelangelo concentrated the attention on the depiction of pain and suffering. The faces of the people present are clearly distressed. Pope Paul commissioned this fresco by Michelangelo in 1541 and unveiled it in his Cappella Paolina.
Restoration of the fresco completed in 2009 revealed an image believed to be a self-portrait of Michelangelo himself.〔('Michelangelo self-portrait' discovered in restored Vatican fresco ), ''The Times'', 2 July 2009.〕 The figure is standing in the upper left corner of the fresco, wearing a red tunic and a blue turban. Blue turbans were often worn by Renaissance sculptors to keep the dust out of their hair.
==St. Peter==
St. Peter is known by many names. He is known as the “rock of the church,” the “first vicar of Christ,” or the first Pope. This important distinction has made him the subject of many works of art, especially those in the Vatican. It is he who is depicted on the wall of the Sistine chapel receiving the keys to the kingdom of Heaven from Christ in Perugino’s ''The Delivery of the Keys.'' Pope Paul III commissioned Michelangelo to paint yet another fresco of St. Peter around the year 1545.〔Howard Hibbard,''Michelangelo'' (Cambridge,Mass: Harper & Row, 1985),276.〕 In sharp contrast to images like that of Perugino, he elected to paint a much darker moment in the saint’s life. St. Peter’s status as a popular martyr is not only because he was the “first vicar of Christ,” but also because he was condemned to die by way of crucifixion. Although his final request is not mentioned in the Bible verbatim, it is popularly believed (due to the Apocryphal text known as the Acts of Peter) that he stated, “Crucify me head downwards, for I am not worthy to die as my master died.”〔Leo Steinberg,''Michelangelo's Last Paintings: The Conversion of St. Paul and the Crucifixion of St. Peter in the Capellina Paolina, Vatican palace.'' (New York: Oxford University Press, 1975),47.〕 The Crucifixion of St. Peter is situated on the eastern wall of the Pauline Chapel, which is significant because that is the location in which the cardinals have always held their elections for a new pope.〔Margaret Kuntz,"Designed for Ceremony: The Capella Paolina at the Vatican Palace." ''Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians.'' 02 (June 2003):242.〕
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